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Boron and borates, Turkey
Kırka (Eskişehir), Turkey39.28°N 30.52°E
computed criticality10/100
reading
Turkey leading world borate producer and holder of most world reserves (USGS 2024)
2024Fault line
Turkey, through the state company Eti Maden, holds most of the world's borate reserves and is the leading producer; the United States (Rio Tinto, California) is the main alternative. Borates are essential to borosilicate glass, ceramics, detergents and fertilizers, with no economical large-scale substitute.
Actors
Turkey (Eti Maden)
United States (Rio Tinto Borates)
Chile
Peru
Sources