Photonics
Redundancy· Photonics · Link

Freiberger Compound Materials, Freiberg

Freiberg, Germany50.91°N 13.34°E
computed criticality12/100
reading
One of the 5 suppliers controlling ≈70% of III-V substrates
2024
Fault line

The only notable European producer of GaAs substrates, heir to the East German semiconductor industry. Its dependence on raw Chinese gallium nonetheless limits the reach of this alternative: diversifying the wafer does not diversify the metal.

Actors
Freiberger Compound Materials (Freiberg)
Depends on 1
Gallium refining, ShandongPhotonics · Link
Feeds 1
IQE, Cardiff / NewportPhotonics
Shocks endured
Beijing puts gallium and germanium under licenseAug 1, 2023
Sources