Ajinomoto Fine-Techno, Kawasaki

A subsidiary of a food-and-beverage group holds the near-monopoly on the dielectric film without which no advanced processor substrate exists. The process, derived from amino-acid chemistry, has never been replicated at equal quality despite twenty years of attempts. A price rise of about 30% passed through in 2025 with no customer lost: the very definition of a bottleneck.