Platforms & infrastructure
Critical node· Platforms & infrastructure · Critical anchor

International Group of P&I Clubs

Londres, United Kingdom51.51°N 0.08°W
computed criticality17/100
reading
≈90% of ocean-going tonnage covered (2024)
2024
Fault line

Twelve mutuals insure the third-party liability of nearly 90% of ocean-going tonnage through a shared pooling of large claims. Without a P&I certificate a ship cannot call at ports or transit canals; this closed club effectively decides which vessels sail, a lever in the age of sanctions.

Actors
International Group of P&I Clubs
UK P&I, Gard, Steamship Mutual
Lloyd's reinsurers
Sources